Description
This prompt, in addition to the “Readers Write!” and “Interacting with Reading” and “Grammar for Source Incorporation” Pages, will serve as the guidelines for the remaining responses for this entire semester. Below, I have copied the highlights from the “Readers Write!” page for your convenience.
Be sure to mention the title of the work to which you are responding, the author, and the main thesis of the text, using correct English for the first sentence of your paper.
Respond with your ideas. What do you think?
Be sure, also, to avoid plagiarism. While you can summarize an idea from the author or borrow a quote, you must also make sure that you parenthetically and bibliographically cite the essay using MLA format.
The basic bibliographic formula for our responses’ essays will look like this:
Author Last, First Name. “Article Title.” Periodical Title, Date Month Year. Database, url.
When you finish reading the article, click on the citation icon on the right and scroll down to MLA 9th edition, and the bibliographic citation will be done for you–yahoo!
Any idea, thought, word, or phrase from the original source must be cited.
Reading responses need to be 250 words in length. They should be titled and follow MLA conventions.
Remember, too that I gave the full version of this prompt on the “Readers Write!” Page.
Instructions:
To begin this assignment, compose your Response 3 by addressing the following requirements:
Read all of the assigned essays (Arnett Links to an external site., Carron & Peterfy Links to an external site., Jackson Links to an external site., Booker Links to an external site., and Opila Links to an external site.), but respond to only one.
In the opening sentences, give the author’s full name and “Essay Title” in a complete sentence.
Give your reactions, opinions, and thoughts about the material.
You need not mention the author again unless you quote or summarize the material.
If you give the author’s name again, use last name only.
If you use the author’s words (quote) or ideas (summary), cite both in text and bibliographically.
Give a title of your own creation.
Write your answer in a short paragraph (250+ words).SCORECARD
GAMEPLAN p.14
10
EDGE p.16
FULL FRAME p.19
WHERE ARE THEY NOW? p.24
FACES IN THE CROWD p.28
TAKING ON
THE NCAA
SHAPED BY FOOTBALL AS A YOUNG MAN,
T H E A U T H O R , T H E J U NI O R S E N AT O R
F R O M N E W J E R S E Y, I S C O S P O N S O R I N G
L E G I S L AT I O N T O G I V E AT H L E T E S M O R E
RIGHTS AND PROTECTION
B Y SEN AT OR C OR Y B OOK ER
GOT INTO the college of
my dreams because of a
4.0 and 1,600.
Not GPA and SAT, but yards per
carry and receiving yards.
Well actually, that is a slight
exaggeration. Forgive me—the
older I get, the better I was.
I was, however, a high school
All-America football player,
earning a scholarship to play tight
end at Stanford.
I would not be where I am today
without football. I am not talking
simply about what I do as a U.S.
senator—though that, too—but
who I am. I poured so much of
my early life into a sport that
returned to me gifts beyond my
I
P H O T O I L L U S T R AT I O N B Y S I P R E M E D I A ; C O U R T E S Y O F S TA N F O R D AT H L E T I C S ( B O O K E R )
imagination. Football taught me
about character, honor, leadership,
discipline, grit and so much
more. The men I played with,
who coached me, believed in me,
taught me and demanded from
me, all shaped me in profound and
indelible ways. I can never repay
them or my sport for what it did
for me; but I am on a mission to
pay it forward and join with others
to bring much-needed justice and
fairness to college athletics.
I came to see during my playing
days, and in the years since, that
the NCAA is an exploitative,
de facto for-profit industry that
takes advantage of college athletes,
endangers their health and safety,
robs many of them of their peak
earning years, undermines their
promise of a college education and
often leaves them injured with a
FEBRUARY 2021
11
SCORECARD
12
SP OR T S ILL US TR ATED | SI.COM
the data. For example, just 56% of
Black male athletes, who generate
an outsize amount of college sports
revenue, graduate within six years.
Once an athlete’s eligibility is
gone, and thus their scholarship
expires, they are of little use
to the billion-dollar industry.
Painfully, they have no guarantee
to be able to return to finish out
their education beyond their own
ability to pay out of pocket for
whatever classes they may need
to complete a degree. Moreover,
many athletes are saddled with
lifelong injuries that sometimes
don’t fully manifest until years
after their college careers are over
and incur significant
medical expenses.
Even while athletes
play in college, the NCAA
does an insufficient job
of protecting them. Since
2000, 30 college football
players have died from
heat-related illnesses
caused by conditioning
workouts that went too
far. Even now, there
are no enforceable
penalties attached to
the NCAA’s concussion
guidelines, and, given
the enormously high
stakes of college sports,
the incentives for most coaches—a
win bonus, the opportunity to
participate in postseason play
and the likelihood of being hired
by a larger program that will pay
a higher salary—create perverse
incentives to push boundaries.
Taken together, these failures
amount to nothing short of
systemic exploitation on the part
of the NCAA that has robbed
generation after generation of
college athletes of the justice,
fairness and opportunity that these
young people deserve.
The NCAA must change.
That’s why my colleagues in
the Senate and I have unveiled
legislation to create a College
Athletes Bill of Rights.
When it is passed into law, the
athletes’ bill of rights won’t just
allow college athletes to monetize
their name, image and likeness, it
will provide them with revenuesharing agreements so they can
actually reap some of the profits
they help create.
The legislation will institute
enforceable, evidence-based health
and safety guidelines, and it will
focus on improving academic
outcomes and ensuring athletes
who sustain sports-related injuries
on the field or court receive support
from the institution they hurt
themselves representing.
While the NCAA has recently
begun to pay lip service toward
allowing college athletes to market
their skills using their name, image
and likeness, its history shows
that while it will often nod toward
the need for reforms, it fails to
substantively implement them.
For example, in 2014, NCAA
president Mark Emmert came
before a U.S. Senate Commerce,
TOM WILLIAMS/POOL /GE T T Y IMAGES
lifetime of out-of-pocket medical
bills and no support to pay them.
College sports is a $14 billion
industry that is significantly
generated by the unpaid work of
young people. While I came from
a family able to support me during
my college years, many athletes do
not, and they struggle to meet the
costs of going to school that are
beyond what a scholarship covers.
These athletes rack their heads to
find creative ways to contribute
to their families back home or
scrape together money for a plane
ticket home or for their parents to
come see them play. And if they
do something against the NCAA’s
biased rules—like sell an old
jersey—the penalties can be swift
and brutal.
Meanwhile, a player’s jersey with
their number and name on it is sold
in stores for more than what some
of their parents may make in a day.
The NCAA likes to create a
fiction that a scholarship for an
athlete’s education is proportionate
recompense. But the hours
athletes put in make it hard for
them to have a fair shot at the
full education they are promised.
College athletes can commit 30 to
60 unpaid hours a week to their
sport, with no reasonable time
left over to take on a traditional
part-time job or internship if they
need extra money. The NCAA
does not adequately enforce time
restrictions, making it challenging
to balance a full course load, earn
a degree on time and meet the
demands of one’s sport.
While the NCAA is so fond of
the term student-athlete in court,
they rarely adopt the student-first
mantra in practice. The NCAA
touts a 90% graduation rate, but
that tells only part of the story—
and is very dependent on how they
cut and/or fail to disaggregate
UNDER FIRE
GREG NELSON
Napier (above) led the Huskies to
the 2014 NCAA championship,
but his comments about going to
bed hungry made headlines—and
caught the attention of Booker,
who had joined the Senate in ’13.
Science and Transportation
Committee hearing on many
of these issues and seemed to
understand and agree with some
of the concerns my colleagues
and I expressed. He even said,
“I think this hearing is a useful
cattle prod that we know the world
is watching.”
But six years later—which, in an
athlete’s life, can be their entire
career—college athletes have little
to nothing to show for the
NCAA’s promises.
It’s not that the NCAA cannot
address these issues—it’s that
it won’t. It delays, deflects and
denies until public outcry forces it
to make change.
For example, a few months before
that hearing, in the spring of 2014,
Shabazz Napier helped lead UConn
to win the men’s national basketball
championship and then shared
in an interview that there were
some nights he went to bed hungry
because he couldn’t afford to eat.
After news outlets across the
country picked up on Mr. Napier’s
comments and the NCAA came
under fire in the press, it took
the entity a little over a week to
approve a rule change aimed at
addressing issues surrounding
college athletes’ access to meals.
That issue and so many others
have been around since I was a
college athlete in the 1990s. It is
way past time for change, it is way
past time that the exploitation of
college athletes ends and it is way
past time that college athletes have
fairness, justice and access to the
full opportunities they earn.
I do not have faith that the
NCAA can be trusted to make the
changes necessary. Not only is the
NCAA financially incentivized not
to upset the status quo, it now also
wants Congress to grant it even
more power by enacting a national
standard to preempt the laws
of many state governments that
have recently begun seeking more
fairness for college athletes.
Congress must act to protect the
well-being of college athletes. And
all of us—former players and fans
alike—must join in the effort.
Indeed, the older I get, the
better I was, and the clearer it
is that we must do better for our
college athletes.
FEBRUARY 2021
13
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